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Analysis of selective attention processing on experienced simultaneous interpreters using EEG phase synchronization.

Haruko Yagura, Hiroki Tanaka, Taiki Kinoshita

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |October 6, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    Experienced simultaneous interpreters show higher selective attention during complex tasks. The 40-Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) effectively measures cognitive load and selective attention in simultaneous interpretation (SI).

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Linguistics

    Background:

    • Simultaneous interpretation (SI) demands significant cognitive resources, particularly selective attention.
    • Understanding the neural mechanisms of cognitive load in SI is crucial for interpreter training and performance.
    • Previous research has explored cognitive load but often lacks ecologically valid conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate selective attention processing and cognitive load in simultaneous interpreters.
    • To evaluate the utility of 40-Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) as a measure of cognitive load during SI.
    • To compare neural responses between experienced (S rank) and novice (C rank) interpreters.

    Main Methods:

    • Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to record brain activity.
    • Inter-trial coherence (ITC) was extracted from the 40-Hz ASSR.
    • Participants performed Japanese-English translation and Japanese shadowing tasks under two conditions.
    • Two groups were compared: experienced (S rank, >15 years) and novice (C rank, <1 year) interpreters.

    Main Results:

    • Significantly higher ITCs were observed in S rank interpreters compared to C rank interpreters during interpreting tasks (p<0.001).
    • The 40-Hz ASSR-derived ITC showed potential as an indicator of selective attention and cognitive load.
    • Differences in neural processing were evident between interpreters with varying levels of experience.

    Conclusions:

    • The 40-Hz ASSR is a promising biomarker for assessing selective attention and cognitive load in simultaneous interpretation.
    • This method may be applicable in real-world SI scenarios.
    • Findings suggest potential for using 40-Hz ASSR to identify attention and cognitive control deficits in conditions like ADHD and schizophrenia.