Effect of stimulation duration to the existence of initial dip

In this paper, we investigate the effect of stimulation durations on the hemodynamic responses (HRs) in the somatosensory cortex. In doing so, the relationship between stimulation duration and the initial dip is also investigated. The HRs are measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The HR signals related to finger poking are acquired from the left somatosensory cortex. Two different stimulation durations (i.e., 1 and 5 sec) were tested in this study. From the results of the study, it is concluded that the stimulation duration of 1 sec (short stimulus) evokes initial dip in the somatosensory cortex, but it disappears as the stimulation duration gets longer. Therefore, the 1-sec stimulation duration can serve the purpose of the fNIRS-based brain-computer interface.