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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Microfluidic Chips Controlled with Elastomeric Microvalve Arrays
18:11

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Published on: October 1, 2007

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A microfluidic system integrated with shape memory alloy valves for a safe direct current delivery system.

C Cheng, F P Aplin, G Y Fridman

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |October 6, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study presents a novel microfluidic system for safe direct current (DC) stimulation, overcoming electrolysis issues. The developed valves enable precise control for advanced therapeutic applications like wound healing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Microfluidics
    • Electrophysiology

    Background:

    • Direct current (DC) offers therapeutic benefits but is limited by electrolysis during prolonged use.
    • A safe direct current stimulator (SDCS) was previously proposed to mitigate these risks.
    • The SDCS design relies on microfluidic valves to deliver ionic DC while preventing electrode reactions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and characterize the integrated microfluidic system for the proposed SDCS.
    • To fabricate and test microfluidic chips with Nitinol-actuated valves.
    • To ensure valve performance meets the requirements for safe and effective DC delivery.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic chips.
    • Integration of 50-µm Nitinol (NiTi) shape memory alloy (SMA) wires for valve actuation.
    • Electrical assays to measure valve response time and channel impedance.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully fabricated and integrated SMA-actuated microfluidic valves.
    • Valve opening time was rapid at 0.177 ± 0.04 seconds; closing time was 0.265 ± 0.05 seconds.
    • Microfluidic channel impedance increased significantly (40-fold) when valves closed, effectively restricting ionic current.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed microfluidic system with SMA-actuated valves is suitable for the SDCS.
    • The rapid and reliable valve operation ensures safe DC delivery for potential clinical applications.
    • This technology advances the use of DC stimulation for wound healing and drug delivery.