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Risk Factors Associated with Skin Tear Development in the Canadian Long-term Care Population.

Kimberly LeBlanc1, Kevin Y Woo, Elizabeth VanDenKerkhof

  • 1Kimberly LeBlanc, PhD, RN, NSWOC, is Chair, Wound, Ostomy and Continence Institute; Adjunct Professor, MClSc Program, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University; and Affiliate Faculty, Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Kevin Y. Woo, PhD, RN, NSWOC, FAPWCA, is Associate Professor, School of Nursing, Queen's University; and Adjunct Professor, MClSc Program, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario. Elizabeth VanDenKerkhof, DrPH, RN, is Professor and Sally Smith Chair in Nursing, School of Nursing, Queen's University, Toronto. M. Gail Woodbury, PhD, is Adjunct Assistant Professor, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University. The authors have disclosed no financial relationships related to this article. Submitted October 20, 2019; accepted in revised form December 10, 2019; published ahead of print October 6, 2020.

Advances in Skin & Wound Care
|October 6, 2020
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Summary
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Skin tears (STs) are common in older adults in long-term care (LTC). Key risk factors include prior STs, aging skin changes, chronic disease, needing help with daily activities, and aggressive behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Wound Care
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Skin tears (STs) are frequent among the elderly, particularly in long-term care (LTC) settings.
  • STs are often overlooked and undertreated, mistakenly viewed as a normal part of aging.
  • Limited evidence exists to confirm factors contributing to ST development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate risk factors for skin tear development in Ontario's LTC population.
  • To provide data for developing targeted ST prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 380 individuals aged 65+ in four Ontario LTC facilities.
  • Participants were assessed for STs at the study's start and after four weeks.

Main Results:

  • The study identified a skin tear prevalence of 20.8% and an incidence of 18.9%.
  • Significant risk factors included previous STs, aging-related skin changes (ecchymosis, hematomas), chronic diseases, need for assistance with daily activities, and aggressive behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • This research offers crucial data on ST risk factors specific to the Ontario LTC population.
  • Findings can inform and enhance ST prevention programs within LTC facilities.