Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Version 2.2021, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Genetics

Background:

• Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), resulting from a t(9;22) translocation and the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene.
• CML presents in three phases: chronic, accelerated, and blast phase, with diagnosis typically occurring in the chronic phase.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Guidelines for diagnosing and managing chronic phase CML.
• To provide evidence-based recommendations for the first-line treatment of newly diagnosed chronic phase CML.

Main Methods:

• Review of the NCCN Guidelines for CML diagnosis and management.
• Discussion of current therapeutic strategies, focusing on tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Main Results:

• Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy is a highly effective first-line treatment for newly diagnosed chronic phase CML.
• The NCCN Guidelines provide a framework for optimal patient management.

Conclusions:

• Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of TKI therapy are crucial for favorable outcomes in chronic phase CML.
• Adherence to NCCN Guidelines ensures comprehensive care for CML patients.