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Related Concept Videos

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Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

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Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this...
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Assessment of Respiration01:23

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The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like...
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The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...
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Respiratory Depth
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement:
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Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications01:19

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Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
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Pulse oximetry, or SpO2, is a non-invasive method for continuously monitoring arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). This procedure involves attaching a probe or sensor to the patient's fingertip, forehead, earlobe, or nose bridge. The sensor works by detecting changes in oxygen saturation levels through light signals generated by the oximeter and reflected by the pulsing blood under the probe.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Breath Collection from Children for Disease Biomarker Discovery
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BALSAM-An Interactive Online Platform for Breath Analysis, Visualization and Classification.

Philipp Weber1, Josch Konstantin Pauling2, Markus List3

  • 1Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (IMADA), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.

Metabolites
|October 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary

We developed BALSAM, a web platform for automated breath analysis, enabling faster and reliable discovery of disease-related metabolite patterns using machine learning. This tool enhances consistency in analyzing breath samples for low-cost diagnostics.

Keywords:
biomarkerbreath analysisdata-miningmachine learningmetabolite discoverymetabolomicsweb-platform

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • The field of breath analysis requires automated platforms to ensure machine learning good practice.
  • Current methods lack reproducibility and speed in discovering metabolite patterns for disease diagnosis.
  • There is a need for robust data analysis tools in clinical settings for breathomics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present BALSAM, a comprehensive web-platform for automated breath analysis.
  • To simplify and automate the process of metabolite pattern discovery in diseases.
  • To enhance consistency and robustness in breath sample data analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a web-platform named BALSAM.
  • Implementation of features for data preprocessing, peak detection, and feature extraction.
  • Focus on data from multi-capillary-column ion-mobility-spectrometry.
  • Provision of visualization and pattern discovery tools.
  • Availability as a web-service and a Docker container.

Main Results:

  • BALSAM provides a fully automated analysis platform for breath analysis.
  • The platform enforces machine learning good practice for reproducible results.
  • It enables rapid discovery of metabolite patterns associated with diseases.
  • BALSAM increases consistency and robustness in breath sample data analysis.

Conclusions:

  • BALSAM addresses the need for an automated, user-friendly platform in breath analysis.
  • The platform facilitates the expansion of low-cost molecular diagnostics in clinical settings.
  • BALSAM promotes reproducible and robust data analysis for breathomics research.