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Is Japan's child allowance effective for the well-being of children? A statistical evaluation using data from K-CHILD

Yuna Koyama1, Takeo Fujiwara2, Aya Isumi1

  • 1Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.

BMC Public Health
|October 7, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Child allowance payments may reduce children's behavioral issues and risk of overweight. This social security policy shows potential benefits for child well-being, though parental investment showed no significant difference.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Child Development
  • Social Policy

Background:

  • Child allowance is a social security policy designed to reduce child poverty.
  • It provides financial support to families with children.
  • This study examines its impact on child health and parental investment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the effects of child allowance on children's physical and mental health.
  • To investigate the impact on children's BMI, behavior problems, depression, and self-rated health.
  • To assess the influence on parental investment in child health.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized cross-sectional data from the 2016 Kochi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (K-CHILD) study.
  • Included 8,207 children from Kochi prefecture, Japan (grades 1, 5, 8).
  • Employed propensity score matching analysis to control for confounders.

Main Results:

  • Children receiving child allowance had significantly lower total difficulties scores.
  • A reduced risk of overweight was observed in children from families receiving child allowance.
  • No significant associations were found with underweight, prosocial behavior, depression, or self-rated health.

Conclusions:

  • Child allowance may be beneficial in reducing behavioral problems and childhood overweight.
  • Further longitudinal research is recommended to understand its mechanisms and impact on child well-being.
  • Parental investment in child health did not significantly differ based on child allowance status.
Abstract

Keywords:
Behavior problemsCash transferChild allowanceChild healthHousehold spendingParental investmentPropensity score matching

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