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Levetiracetam-induced interstitial lung disease in a patient with advanced lung cancer

Shintaro Sato1, Tomohiro Oba1, Hiroki Ohta1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Saitama, Japan.

Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
|October 7, 2020
PubMed

An 85-year-old woman with antibiotics-resistant pneumonia after surgery for metastatic brain tumor from lung cancer was consulted to our department. Chest CT showed diffuse GGO bilaterally. BALF showed elevated ratios of lymphocytes and CD4/CD8. Tests for bacteria, mycobacteria, and fungi were negative. She improved following levetiracetam discontinuance and systemic corticosteroid administration, and we diagnosed levetiracetam-induced lung injury. Although levetiracetam is widely used, few reports of levetiracetam-induced pneumonia exist. Changes in chest images may occur after levetiracetam administration if patients have multiple risk factors for development of drug-induced interstitial lung disease. Bronchoscopy is useful for differential diagnosis if new lung lesions appear after starting levetiracetam.

Keywords:
AED, antiepileptic drugBALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluidDrug-induced interstitial lung diseaseEGFR, epidermal growth factor receptorGGO, ground-glass opacityILD, interstitial lung diseaseLEV, levetiracetamLevetiracetamLung cancer

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