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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

231
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
231
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

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Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
176
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

270
Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
270
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

297
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
297
Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

347
Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
347
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

502
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Investigating the Pathogenesis of MYH7 Mutation Gly823Glu in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy using a Mouse Model
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Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy 2020.

James Kogut1, Eric D Popjes2

  • 1PennState Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.

Current Cardiology Reports
|October 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complex heart condition. While mortality is low, symptoms from left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction are challenging, with new therapies showing promise.

Keywords:
Clinical heterogeneityInherited cardiomyopathyLeft ventricular hypertrophyLeft ventricular outflow obstructionSeptal reduction therapySudden cardiac death

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary genetic heart muscle disease.
  • It is characterized by unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).
  • HCM presents with diverse clinical manifestations and variable outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology and natural history of HCM.
  • To describe diagnostic and assessment strategies for HCM.
  • To outline contemporary management approaches for HCM.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pathophysiology, natural history, diagnosis, and management.
  • Analysis of current therapeutic options, including medical and interventional approaches.
  • Inclusion of recent clinical trial data on novel therapies.

Main Results:

  • HCM-related mortality is low, but symptoms, particularly from LVOT obstruction, persist.
  • Medical therapies, including novel myosin modulators like mavacamten, show potential in reducing symptoms.
  • Septal reduction therapy and advanced treatments are viable for refractory cases.

Conclusions:

  • HCM is a heterogeneous disease with generally good long-term survival.
  • Symptomatic management is key, with various medical and procedural options available.
  • Ongoing research, including novel drug development, aims to improve functional capacity and outcomes.