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Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

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The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
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The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
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The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
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The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
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Orthognathic Surgery in Craniosynostosis.

Joël Ferri1, Matthias Schlund1, Sandrine Touzet-Roumazeille2

  • 1University Lille, CHU Lille, INSERM, Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Stomatologie, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|October 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Craniosynostosis causes craniofacial deformities and dental malocclusions. Treatment, often involving orthodontics and orthognathic surgery, can achieve stable occlusion in most patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Craniofacial Surgery
  • Orthodontics
  • Pediatric Dentistry

Background:

  • Craniosynostosis involves premature fusion of skull sutures, leading to significant craniofacial deformities.
  • These deformities frequently result in complex dental malocclusions, impacting facial aesthetics and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the types of dental malocclusions associated with syndromic and nonsyndromic craniosynostosis.
  • To evaluate the treatment modalities and long-term stability of occlusal outcomes in these patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of patients with craniosynostosis from 1996-2015.
  • Clinical and radiographic evaluation of dental occlusion.
  • Orthognathic surgery performed post-growth; orthodontic interventions analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Class III malocclusion was prevalent (69.1%), particularly in syndromic cases (94.7%) and brachycephalies (96.3%).
  • Scaphocephalies were linked to Class II malocclusions.
  • 39 patients received combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery; 4 achieved optimal occlusion with orthodontics alone. Stable occlusion was achieved in 40 patients.

Conclusions:

  • Sutural fusion in craniosynostosis restricts facial growth, causing malocclusions.
  • Malocclusions stem from jaw positional anomalies, facial suture issues, or osteocartilaginous diseases.
  • Early management doesn't prevent malocclusion, necessitating orthodontic and surgical interventions for correction.