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Chiari Malformation and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Anaïs DuBow1, Aurélie Mourot2, Smadar Valérie Tourjman3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Case Reports in Medicine
|October 8, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental condition, may be linked to Chiari malformations (CM). This case report suggests cerebellar abnormalities like CM could influence neurological circuits, potentially contributing to ADHD development.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder.
  • Chiari malformations (CM) are structural defects in the base of the skull and cerebellum.

Observation:

  • A 28-year-old woman presented with both ADHD and Chiari malformation type I (CM-I).
  • The CM-I was diagnosed via CT scan.

Findings:

  • Evidence suggests the cerebellum plays a role in ADHD pathophysiology.
  • Cerebellar malformations, such as CM, may affect neurological circuitry relevant to ADHD.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential link between cerebellar development and ADHD.
  • Further research is needed to explore the cerebellum's role in ADHD.
  • Clinicians should consider CM in ADHD evaluations.

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