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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression
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Modeling Pulse Wave Propagation Through a Stenotic Artery With Fluid Structure Interaction: A Validation Study Using

Vittorio Gatti1, Pierre Nauleau1, Grigorios M Karageorgos1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027.

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
|October 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Finite element (FE) fluid-structure interaction (FSI) modeling accurately predicts pulse wave velocity in stenotic arteries. This approach validates FE-FSI methods for understanding plaque effects on pulse wave propagation and optimizing ultrasound-based pulse wave imaging.

Keywords:
atherosclerosisbiomechanical modelingfinite element modelingfluid–structure interactionpulse wave imagingpulse wave velocity

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Mechanics
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Pulse wave imaging (PWI) assesses arterial health by measuring pulse wave velocity (PWV).
  • The influence of atherosclerotic plaque geometry and mechanics on arterial wall distension and PWV is not fully understood.
  • Accurate modeling is needed to interpret PWI data for plaque characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the accuracy of a finite element (FE) fluid-structure interaction (FSI) approach.
  • To predict pulse wave velocity in a stenotic artery with an asymmetrical plaque using PWI.
  • To compare FE-FSI modeling predictions with experimental data from phantom arteries.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a finite element (FE) fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model.
  • Created polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) phantom arteries with asymmetrical plaques.
  • Used pulse wave imaging (PWI) to obtain experimental data.
  • Compared FE-FSI derived spatiotemporal maps and PWV with experimental results.

Main Results:

  • FE analysis accurately predicted pulse wave velocity and arterial wall distension.
  • High-grade stenosis (>70%) was found to attenuate pulse pressure wave propagation.
  • FE-FSI modeling results closely matched experimental PWI data.

Conclusions:

  • The FE-FSI method is validated for investigating the impact of arterial wall properties on pulse wave propagation.
  • This modeling approach can enhance the optimization of PWI for plaque characterization.
  • Findings support the use of FE-FSI models to substantiate clinical PWI findings.