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3D kidney organoids for bench-to-bedside translation
Navin Gupta1,2,3, Emre Dilmen4, Ryuji Morizane4,5,6,7
1Nephrology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. ngupta12@bwh.harvard.edu.
Journal of Molecular Medicine (Berlin, Germany)
|October 9, 2020
Summary
Kidney organoids, derived from stem cells, offer a promising in vitro model for human kidney research. Further development is needed to overcome challenges like immaturity and improve their application in regenerative medicine and disease modeling.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology and Stem Cell Biology
- Developmental Biology
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Kidneys are vital for blood filtration and homeostasis.
- Current research models (cell cultures, animal models) have limitations in translational value for human kidney research.
- Novel research tools are crucial for advancing kidney studies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of nephrogenesis enabling kidney organoid generation.
- To discuss the potential applications of kidney organoids in research.
- To outline future perspectives and challenges in kidney organoid development.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on nephrogenesis and kidney organoid generation.
- Analysis of directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into kidney organoids.
- Discussion of integrating organ-on-a-chip technologies.
Main Results:
- Kidney organoids mimic human kidney structures in vitro.
- Applications include developmental, toxicity, and disease modeling, as well as regenerative medicine.
- Current limitations include immaturity, reproducibility issues, and lack of vascular/collecting duct systems.
Conclusions:
- Advancements in nephrogenesis knowledge are key to improving kidney organoids.
- Combining kidney organoids with organ-on-a-chip technology presents a promising future direction.
- Further research is needed to enhance organoid maturity and functionality for clinical applications.
