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Using the componential method to train mentally retarded individuals to solve analogies.
American Journal of Mental Deficiency
|July 1, 1987
Summary
Training improved analogy problem-solving for mentally retarded individuals. An alternative presentation method enhanced the componential method
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Developmental Psychology
- Educational Psychology
Background:
- The componential method, developed by Sternberg, analyzes cognitive processes.
- Its applicability to individuals with intellectual disabilities requires investigation.
- Understanding analogy-solving processes is crucial for cognitive development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess Sternberg's componential method for studying analogy-solving in mentally retarded individuals.
- To evaluate the impact of training and presentation methods on performance and process estimation.
Main Methods:
- Two experiments were conducted with mentally retarded subjects.
- The componential method was used to analyze analogy-solving processes.
- Training and different analogy presentation formats were manipulated.
Main Results:
- Prior training improved performance and long-term maintenance of skills.
- An alternative analogy presentation in Experiment 2 enhanced the use of "precued" terms, improving method applicability.
- This alternative method also increased task difficulty.
Conclusions:
- The componential method can be applied to study analogy-solving in mentally retarded individuals with modifications.
- Training is effective in improving performance and skill retention.
- Adjusting presentation methods can enhance the utility of cognitive process models.