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Molecular detection of type III secretory toxins in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates
Abstract:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been known as a common unscrupulous pathogen that reasons cause nosocomial infections in patients with immunocompromise. Infection with multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in many patients is a public health problem. The bacterium causes urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, skin inflammation and inflammation, soft tissue infections, bacteremia, bone and joint infections, gastrointestinal infections and various systemic infections, especially in patients with severe burns, cancer and AIDS, whose immune systems are suppressed. Among diverse virulence factors, the type III secretion system is known as a significant agent in virulence and development of antimicrobial resistance in P. aeruginosa. A total of 50 isolates of P. aeruginosa were gathered from burn wound and milk specimens. Documentation and antimicrobial susceptibility evidence were performed using the VITEK 2 system. Multiplex PCR was done to detect the secretion toxins-encoding genes. Out of 50 samples: 45/225 (20%) burn wound and 6/120 (5%) raw milk samples were found positive for P. aeruginosa. The multiplex PCR analysis of ExoT and ExoY genes showed that all P. aeruginosa 50 (100%) were positive. The occurrence of the ExoS and ExoU genes was 97.7% and 86.6% among clinical isolates while none of the raw milk isolates harbored the ExoU gene and 60% of them carried the ExoS gene. The results found 20 (40%) of isolates were multidrug resistance and the most effective antibiotics against clinical isolates were Ciprofloxacin and Meropenem. The aim of this study was to prevalence the exotoxin genes encoded type III secretion system and pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility of P. aeruginosa isolated from clinical and raw milk specimens.
Insights
Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a threat in healthcare settings, frequently carries type III secretion system exotoxin genes. This study found high prevalence of these genes in clinical isolates, with Ciprofloxacin and Meropenem showing effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Antimicrobial Resistance
Background:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant opportunistic pathogen causing nosocomial infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
- The type III secretion system (T3SS) plays a crucial role in P. aeruginosa virulence and the development of antimicrobial resistance.
- Infections with multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa pose a substantial public health challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of exotoxin genes encoding the type III secretion system in P. aeruginosa.
- To analyze the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of P. aeruginosa isolates from clinical and raw milk specimens.
- To investigate the association between T3SS gene presence and multidrug resistance in P. aeruginosa.
Main Methods:
- Fifty isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from burn wound (clinical) and raw milk specimens.
- Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the VITEK 2 system.
- Multiplex PCR was employed to detect the presence of T3SS exotoxin genes (ExoS, ExoT, ExoU, ExoY).
Main Results:
- P. aeruginosa was detected in 20% of burn wound samples and 5% of raw milk samples.
- All 50 isolates (100%) harbored the ExoT and ExoY genes.
- ExoS and ExoU genes were present in 97.7% and 86.6% of clinical isolates, respectively. Raw milk isolates showed lower prevalence of ExoS (60%) and no ExoU.
- Forty percent (40%) of the isolates exhibited multidrug resistance.
- Ciprofloxacin and Meropenem were the most effective antibiotics against the clinical isolates.
Conclusions:
- The high prevalence of T3SS exotoxin genes in P. aeruginosa from clinical sources highlights their importance in pathogenesis.
- The study identified significant multidrug resistance in P. aeruginosa, emphasizing the need for effective treatment strategies.
- Ciprofloxacin and Meropenem demonstrate potential as effective therapeutic options against MDR P. aeruginosa clinical isolates.
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