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Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

360
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
360
Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior01:28

Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior

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Automatic processing refers to the cognitive operations that occur without conscious intent or awareness, playing a fundamental role in shaping social cognition and behavior. These processes enable individuals to navigate complex social environments efficiently by relying on mental shortcuts and pre-existing knowledge structures known as schemas. One of the most influential mechanisms underlying automatic processing is priming, which subtly activates mental representations through exposure to...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing
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Task Sensitivity in L2 English Speakers' Syntactic Processing: Evidence for Good-Enough Processing in Self-Paced

Maryann Tan1, Anouschka Foltz2

  • 1Centre for Research on Bilingualism, Faculty of Humanities, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.

Frontiers in Psychology
|October 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Task demands influence sentence processing in both native (L1) and second-language (L2) English speakers. Shallow processing occurs when tasks permit, affecting syntactic interpretation for both groups.

Keywords:
good-enough processingsecond language (L2)sentence processingsyntactic ambiguitytask effects

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Second Language Acquisition
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Sentence processing can be shallow, especially in second language (L2) acquisition.
  • The Good-Enough approach posits that shallow processing occurs when task demands allow.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how varying task demands affect sentence processing in native (L1) and L2 English speakers.
  • To determine if L1 and L2 syntactic processing are similarly modulated by task difficulty.

Main Methods:

  • A self-paced reading task was employed with English native speakers and native Chinese L2 learners.
  • Participants read ambiguous sentences under different comprehension question conditions (deep vs. superficial).

Main Results:

  • Task difficulty significantly impacted reading times at disambiguation points for both L1 and L2 participants.
  • Attachment choices in globally ambiguous sentences correlated with reading times for both groups.

Conclusions:

  • Syntactic processing in both L1 and L2 English is modulated by task demands.
  • The findings support a unified view of shallow processing for L1 and L2 speakers, consistent with the Good-Enough approach.