Cyber Diplomacy: A Systematic Literature Review

Area of Science:

• International Relations
• Cybersecurity
• Diplomacy

Background:

• Cyber diplomacy emerged in 2007 following a significant cyber attack on Estonia.
• The attack highlighted the strategic and military dimensions of cyberspace, necessitating national cyber strategies.
• Global progress, democracy, and peace are increasingly impacted by cyber threats, making cyber diplomacy crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review current research on cyber diplomacy.
• To identify the key dimensions and research areas within cyber diplomacy.
• To highlight the gap in distinguishing cyber diplomacy from traditional diplomacy.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of cyber diplomacy research.

Main Results:

• Current research has defined "Cyber Diplomacy" and its diplomatic actions.
• A significant gap exists in differentiating cyber diplomacy from traditional diplomacy.
• The interdisciplinary nature of cyber diplomacy involves policy, politics, sociology, science, and history.

Conclusions:

• Cyber diplomacy is a critical component of foreign policy in the interconnected world.
• Further research is needed to establish a clear distinction between cyber and traditional diplomacy.
• Understanding the multifaceted nature of cyber diplomacy is essential for global security.