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Related Concept Videos

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach01:25

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The gastric glands contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) for digestion. The cells secrete HCl because it is highly corrosive and essential for breaking down food. To achieve this, they secrete hydrogen and chloride ions into the lumen of the gastric glands, which combine to form HCl.
Within parietal cells, carbonic acid is first formed through the reaction of water and carbon dioxide. The dissociation of carbonic acid releases bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The bicarbonate...
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Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors01:22

Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors

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Peptic ulcers are sores on the stomach's inner lining and the upper small intestine, which are the result of disruptions in the mucosal layer that houses parietal cells which produce gastric acid, and chief cells which secrete pepsinogen.
In the antrum region, G cells secrete the gastrin hormone that binds to gastrin-cholecystokinin-B (CCK2) receptors on parietal and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in the fundic glands. Simultaneously, the vagus nerve releases acetylcholine, which binds...
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Hormones Secreted by the Stomach01:25

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Enteroendocrine cells, accounting for only 1% of stomach epithelial cells, play a significant role in digestion and are classified by their digestive hormone secretions.
Each of these hormones secreted by different enteroendocrine cells plays a unique role in digestion. Here are a few examples:
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Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

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The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Author Spotlight: Generation of and Comparison Between Patient-Derived Gastric Organoids from Different Regions of the Stomach
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Author Spotlight: Generation of and Comparison Between Patient-Derived Gastric Organoids from Different Regions of the Stomach

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Gastric Stem Cells: Physiological and Pathological Perspectives.

Shiyu Xiao1,2, Liya Zhou1,2

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|October 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gastric stem cells are crucial for stomach tissue renewal and repair. Recent research identifies diverse stem cell populations and their roles in stomach development, disease, and cancer prevention.

Keywords:
Helicobacter pylorigastric mucosa homeostasisgastric organoidgastric stem cellsstem cell nichestomach neoplasms

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Combined Conditional Knockdown and Adapted Sphere Formation Assay to Study a Stemness-Associated Gene of Patient-derived Gastric Cancer Stem Cells
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Combined Conditional Knockdown and Adapted Sphere Formation Assay to Study a Stemness-Associated Gene of Patient-derived Gastric Cancer Stem Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • The stomach lining requires constant renewal due to its harsh environment.
  • Gastric stem cells are vital for tissue repair, regeneration, and maintaining stomach homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the diverse populations of gastric stem cells and their plasticity.
  • To understand the role of gastric stem cells in stomach development and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing lineage tracing models to identify and characterize gastric stem cell populations.
  • Establishing gastric organoids from primary tissues and stem cells to study niche factors.

Main Results:

  • Diverse gastric stem cell populations identified in the antrum and corpus, including Lgr5+, Troy+, and Sox2+ cells.
  • Fully differentiated cells can regain stem cell properties, highlighting cellular plasticity.
  • Gastric organoids reveal niche requirements and provide insights into H. pylori interactions and cancer development.

Conclusions:

  • Gastric stem cell research enhances understanding of stomach development and disease.
  • Identifying gastric stem cells and their niches offers new avenues for stomach cancer prevention and treatment.