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Hallucinogens are psychoactive substances that profoundly alter perceptual experiences, generating unreal visual and sensory images. Often referred to as psychedelic drugs — a term derived from the Greek words "psyche" (mind) and "delos" (revealing) — these substances include marijuana and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), among others. These drugs vary in intensity and effects.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

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DMT alters cortical travelling waves.

Andrea Alamia1, Christopher Timmermann2,3, David J Nutt3

  • 1Cerco, CNRS Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.

Elife
|October 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psychedelic drugs like N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) alter brain activity, creating immersive experiences. This study found DMT shifts brainwave patterns, supporting models of how psychedelics change perception.

Keywords:
DMTN,N, Dimethyltryptamineconscious perceptioneeg oscillationshumanneurosciencetravelling wavesvisual hallucinations

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychopharmacology
  • Consciousness Studies

Background:

  • Psychedelic compounds profoundly affect conscious states.
  • N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) induces rapid, immersive altered states with vivid imagery.
  • Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of these states is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the electrophysiological correlates of the DMT-induced altered state of consciousness.
  • To examine changes in cortical activation patterns and brain rhythms during DMT administration.
  • To test a model of psychedelic action on information processing.

Main Methods:

  • Participants received either DMT or a placebo (saline) under controlled conditions with eyes closed.
  • Electrophysiological data (EEG) were recorded to analyze brain activity.
  • Analysis focused on spatio-temporal patterns of cortical activation (travelling waves) and alpha-band rhythms.

Main Results:

  • DMT induced travelling cortical waves, similar to those seen during visual stimulation.
  • A significant decrease in top-down alpha-band rhythms during eyes-closed rest was observed.
  • A significant increase in bottom-up forward wave activity was detected under DMT.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support a model where psychedelics reduce the 'precision-weighting of priors'.
  • DMT alters the balance between top-down and bottom-up information processing in the brain.
  • These results reveal a key mechanistic principle underlying psychedelic-induced altered states of consciousness.