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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

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A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
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Modeling in Therapy01:26

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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Childhood atopic dermatitis as a precursor for developing attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Yang-Chun Xu1, Jin-Peng Wang2, Wen-Jing Zhu1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.

International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology
|October 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Atopic dermatitis (AD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show a strong association, with increasing global prevalence for both conditions. Further research is needed to confirm the temporal link and understand the underlying mechanisms.

Keywords:
atopic dermatitisatopic diseasesattention deficit/hyperactivity disordereczemapsychiatric comorbidities

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with sleep disturbances, pruritus, and psychological stress.
  • A growing body of evidence suggests a link between AD and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with parallel increases in global prevalence.
  • Recent studies indicate a potential temporal association between AD and the later onset of ADHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the association between atopic dermatitis and its comorbidities, with a specific focus on ADHD.
  • To elaborate on the potential mechanisms underlying the AD-ADHD association.
  • To provide healthcare providers with updated information on the AD-ADHD link.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies examining the co-occurrence of AD and ADHD.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data on the prevalence of both conditions.
  • Exploration of proposed pathophysiological links.

Main Results:

  • A positive association between AD and ADHD is observed in most cross-sectional studies.
  • Epidemiological data show parallel increases in the global prevalence of AD and ADHD.
  • The pathophysiological basis for the association remains poorly understood.

Conclusions:

  • While a correlation exists, definitive conclusions about a causal or temporal relationship between AD and ADHD cannot be drawn from current evidence.
  • Large-scale longitudinal studies are necessary to establish the temporal nature of the AD-ADHD association.
  • Further research into the underlying mechanisms is crucial for clinical understanding and management.