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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

527
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
527
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

2.4K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
2.4K
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

182
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
182
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

315
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
315
Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions

290
The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
290
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

483
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
483

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease
07:27

Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease

Published on: July 18, 2014

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[Acute heart failure].

Johannes Grand1, Jacob Eifer Møller, Søren Boesgaard

  • 1johannes.grand@regionh.dk.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|October 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Acute heart failure requires prompt emergency care. This review summarizes guidelines for treating hypertensive pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, and congestive heart failure using nitrates, diuretics, and inotropes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Acute heart failure is a prevalent and serious condition in Danish emergency departments.
  • Common presentations include hypertensive pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, and congestive heart failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current international guidelines for the emergency triage and treatment of acute heart failure.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent international guidelines.
  • Synthesis of recommendations for acute heart failure management.

Main Results:

  • Nitrates are recommended for reducing afterload.
  • Intravenous loop-diuretics are indicated for managing congestion.
  • Inotropic drugs or mechanical support devices may be used to augment cardiac output in select cases.

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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

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A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease
07:27

Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease

Published on: July 18, 2014

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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

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A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs
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Conclusions:

  • Current guidelines provide a framework for managing acute heart failure phenotypes.
  • Treatment strategies focus on afterload reduction, congestion management, and cardiac output support.