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Cryptococcosis in HIV-AIDS patients from Southern Brazil: Still a major problem

L B da Silva1, D Bock2, G B Klafke2

  • 1Mycology Laboratory of Faculty of Medicine (FAMED), Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Program Post-Graduation in Health Sciences (PPGCS - FAMED-FURG), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Journal De Mycologie Medicale
|October 13, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Cryptococcosis is a significant AIDS-defining illness in Brazil. This study highlights its high mortality and the need for increased investment in managing this opportunistic infection among HIV-AIDS patients.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cryptococcus neoformans causes opportunistic infections, leading to approximately 15% mortality in AIDS patients.
  • Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, reports the highest national HIV/AIDS rates in cities over 100,000 population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the clinical and epidemiological profile of cryptococcosis.
  • To analyze cryptococcosis in HIV-AIDS patients at a South Brazil reference center over seven years.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of cryptococcosis cases.
  • Data collected from January 2010 to December 2016 at the University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande (UH-FURG).

Main Results:

  • Seventy cases of cryptococcosis were diagnosed, accounting for 2.1%–8.1% of annual HIV hospitalizations.
  • Neurocryptococcosis was the primary manifestation; 40% of patients had cryptococcosis as their HIV-defining condition.
  • Over half of patients (53%) died during hospitalization, with a mean survival of 82 days.

Conclusions:

  • Cryptococcosis is a critical AIDS-defining disease in Southern Brazil.
  • Urgent investment is needed to mitigate the impact of this opportunistic mycosis in HIV-AIDS patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
CryptococcosisCryptococcus neoformansEpidemiologyFungal meningitisHIV-AIDSOpportunistic infections

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