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[Acute ischemic stroke in cancer patients. A case-control study]
Pedro E Colla Machado1, Agustín Pappolla1, Claudia Alonzo2
1Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Medicina
|October 13, 2020
Summary
Patients with ischemic stroke and cancer had fewer vascular risk factors but a higher likelihood of embolic stroke patterns. Cancer patients experienced significantly higher stroke recurrence and mortality rates.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Oncology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Ischemic stroke frequently co-occurs with cancer, affecting approximately 10% of patients.
- Understanding the distinct characteristics and outcomes of ischemic stroke in cancer patients is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare clinical and radiological features of ischemic stroke in patients with and without cancer.
- To investigate the underlying mechanisms and outcomes of ischemic stroke in the context of comorbid cancer.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective case-control study was conducted involving ischemic stroke patients.
- Patients were categorized into two groups: those with comorbid cancer (cases) and those without (controls).
- Demographics, vascular risk factors, neuroimaging findings, stroke etiology, and clinical outcomes were analyzed.
Main Results:
- The cancer cohort exhibited a higher prevalence of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism.
- Ischemic stroke in cancer patients was associated with a less frequent small artery disease etiology and a more common embolic pattern.
- Cancer patients showed significantly lower average NIH Stroke Scale scores at admission but experienced higher rates of stroke recurrence and 90-day mortality.
Conclusions:
- Ischemic stroke in cancer patients presents with distinct etiological and radiological features, notably a higher embolic component.
- The presence of cancer significantly increases the risk of stroke recurrence and mortality, necessitating tailored therapeutic strategies.
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