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[Hypertension and metabolic syndrome in HIV infected patients]

Matías G Zanuzzi1, Máximo J Cattaneo1, Silvina M López1

  • 1Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Rawson, Ministerio de Salud de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.

Medicina
|October 13, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular diseases are a major concern for HIV patients. This study found high rates of hypertension and metabolic syndrome in HIV patients, linked to their highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a significant cause of mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals.
  • Hypertension (HTN) and metabolic syndrome (MS) are key contributors to CVD, but their prevalence in HIV patients in Córdoba, Argentina, remains uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of HTN and MS among HIV-infected patients in Córdoba, Argentina.
  • To investigate the association of HTN and MS with immunological status, inflammation, and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Main Methods:

  • An observational study involving 65 randomly selected HIV-infected patients from a provincial HIV program.
  • Data collection included patient demographics, CD4+ T lymphocyte counts, viral load, and assessment for HTN and MS criteria.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to determine prevalence and associations.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of HTN was 40%, associated with HAART duration (p < 0.05).
  • The prevalence of MS was 38.5%, more frequent in patients on HAART (OR: 1.80; p = 0.02) and associated with HAART duration (p < 0.01).
  • Patients on HAART showed higher hypertriglyceridemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and lower HDLc (p < 0.01).

Conclusions:

  • HIV-infected patients exhibit a high prevalence of HTN and MS.
  • HAART is associated with increased risk of HTN and MS, independent of immunological status or viral load.

Keywords:
HIVantiretroviral therapy highly activehypertensionmetabolic syndrome

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