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Related Concept Videos

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

755
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
755
Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
574
Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management

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Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) involves a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medication.
536
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
663
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

479
Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
479
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

664
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
664

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Perturbations of Circulating miRNAs in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Detected Using a Multiplexed High-throughput Gene Expression Platform
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Irritable bowel syndrome.

Alexander C Ford1, Ami D Sperber2, Maura Corsetti3

  • 1Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.

Lancet (London, England)
|October 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. Understanding its gut-brain axis pathophysiology aids in developing targeted treatments for improved patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Neurogastroenterology
  • Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

Background:

  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affects 5-10% of healthy individuals, presenting with abdominal pain and changes in stool form/frequency.
  • Risk factors include enteric infection, psychological comorbidity, and higher prevalence in young women.
  • Pathophysiology involves gut-brain axis dysfunction, leading to motility issues, visceral hypersensitivity, and altered central nervous system processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathophysiology.
  • To outline diagnostic approaches and management strategies for IBS.
  • To highlight the evolving landscape of novel therapeutic developments for IBS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on IBS pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • Analysis of risk factors and epidemiological data.
  • Examination of current and emerging therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • IBS diagnosis relies on clinical history, with judicious investigations for alarm symptoms.
  • Management focuses on patient education, dietary modifications, fiber, and antispasmodics.
  • Advanced treatments target severe symptoms via neuromodulators, receptor-specific drugs, and psychological therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Effective IBS management requires an empathetic approach, improving quality of life and reducing healthcare costs.
  • The gut-brain axis is central to IBS pathophysiology, with ongoing research yielding new drug candidates.
  • A growing pipeline of novel IBS therapies is anticipated based on recent pathophysiological insights.