The Year in Cardiothoracic Critical Care: Selected Highlights from 2019
J T Gutsche1, M C Grant2, J J Kiefer1
1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
|October 14, 2020
Summary
This review covers 2019 literature on cardiothoracic and vascular critical care, focusing on postoperative patient management relevant to cardiac anesthesiologists. It organizes findings by organ system for clarity.
Area of Science:
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Critical Care
- Cardiac Anesthesiology
- Postoperative Management
Background:
- Cardiothoracic and vascular critical care is a vital subspecialty.
- Annual reviews are crucial for staying updated in this field.
- Postoperative care significantly impacts patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review pertinent literature published in 2019.
- To focus on contributions affecting cardiac anesthesiologists.
- To organize findings by organ system for a structured overview.
Main Methods:
- Literature search of publications from 2019.
- Selection of articles relevant to postoperative critical care.
- Categorization of reviewed literature by organ system.
Main Results:
- Key advancements in 2019 literature were identified.
- Findings were organized to highlight impacts on cardiac anesthesiology.
- The review provides a comprehensive summary of the year's developments.
Conclusions:
- Staying abreast of critical care literature is essential for cardiac anesthesiologists.
- The organized review facilitates understanding of recent developments.
- This annual series supports continuous professional development in the field.
Keywords:
ARDSECMOcardiac surgerycritical careenhanced recovery programmechanical circulatory suppportMore Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:29Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
143
Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
143
01:30Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation V: Advanced Airway Management Techniques
307
Airway management is essential in emergency and surgical medicine, ensuring ventilation and oxygenation in patients who cannot maintain their own airway. Clinicians use a range of techniques and devices to secure the airway, depending on the patient’s condition and the clinical context. Key methods include endotracheal intubation, rapid sequence intubation (RSI), supraglottic airway devices, and advanced visualization aids. In cases where these approaches fail, surgical airway...
307
01:21Acute Respiratory Failure-II
837
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
837
01:30Introduction Cardiac Emergencies
224
Cardiac emergencies are critical situations involving the heart that require immediate medical intervention to prevent severe complications or death. These emergencies often arise from underlying heart conditions that impair the heart's ability to function correctly.Types of Cardiac EmergenciesThe most common types of cardiac emergencies include Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest, and heart failure.Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)...
224
01:30Acute Respiratory Failure-III
576
Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
576
01:29Acute Respiratory Failure-V
329
The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
329