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PPE Use in Healthcare Settings I: Donning

Donning PPE must be completed before contact with the patient. This process protects from infectious agents. The sequence and action included in each donning are critical, and the steps must be systematic to avoid exposure to pathogens. The institutional policy also needs to be followed while donning PPE. The pre-donning preparations are gathering equipment, inspecting the PPE equipment for tears, holes, or damage, removing jewelry, removing any garments below the elbows, and tying the hair...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancing Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Patients with Right Hemisphere Damage Using Assisted Active Exercise

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Published on: February 9, 2024

APD or CAPD: one glove does not fit all.

Athanasios Roumeliotis¹, Stefanos Roumeliotis¹, Konstantinos Leivaditis¹

¹Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 1, St. Kyriakidi Street, 54636, Thessaloníki, Greece.

International Urology and Nephrology

|October 14, 2020

Summary

Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD) offers lifestyle benefits and can achieve dialysis targets, but its superiority over Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) remains debated. Patient choice is key for implementing APD.

Keywords:

Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD)Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)Fast transporters Patient selection

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Area of Science:

Nephrology
Renal Medicine

Background:

Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD) use is rising, particularly in developed nations.
This increase is linked to advancements in cycler technology, lifestyle advantages, and achieving dialysis adequacy and ultrafiltration goals.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD) compared to Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD).
To determine the optimal use cases and patient selection for APD.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of APD and CAPD based on existing literature and clinical observations.
Review of patient compliance, physiological impacts, and treatment outcomes associated with both modalities.

Main Results:

APD is advantageous for fast transporters and in assisted peritoneal dialysis (PD) settings.
Potential benefits include improved patient compliance, reduced intraperitoneal pressure, and possibly lower peritonitis rates.
Drawbacks include higher costs, potential for faster decline in residual renal function, inadequate sodium removal, and sleep disturbances.

Conclusions:

While APD shows specific advantages, particularly for fast transporters, its overall medical superiority over CAPD is controversial.
APD should be accessible to all initiating PD, with patient preference being the primary factor for its adoption.