Highly Perforated V₂ O₅ Cathode with Restricted Lithiation toward Building "Rocking-Chair" Type Cell with Graphite...

Current research motivation on fabricating next-generation lithium-ion batteries by averting the growing demand for battery raw materials brings enormous interest on the V₂ O₅ cathode again as a result of its abundance, ease synthesis, and tunable Li-intercalation properties. So far, the research activities are mainly focused on V₂ O₅ to attain a maximum capacity (>300 mAh g^-1 ) for more than 1 mol. Li-intercalation which results in poor structural stability. Keeping this issue in mind, here, the full-cell assembly by limiting 1 mol is proposed and constructed. Li-insertion in V₂ O₅ as a cathode and LiC₆ as an anode for the first time. Prior to the full-cell assembly, hydrothermally prepared rod-like V₂ O₅ reveals the specific capacity of 143 mAh g^-1 in half-cell configuration with good cycling stability. The full-cell, V₂ O₅ /LiC_6, offers a specific capacity of ≈236 mAh g^-1 with a maximum energy density of ≈197.1 Wh kg^-1 . Furthermore, the practical feasibility of the cell has been examined at different temperatures that divulged a maximum energy density of 136 Wh kg^-1 at 50 °C. Also, the obtained results encourage V₂ O₅ as a strong contender for the commercial LiFePO₄ /C system andpave the new directions for advanced battery technology.