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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen. Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Detection of Antibodies That Neutralize the Cellular Uptake of Enzyme Replacement Therapies with a Cell-based Assay

Detection of Antibodies That Neutralize the Cellular Uptake of Enzyme Replacement Therapies with a Cell-based Assay

Published on: September 10, 2018

[New antibodies in diagnostics].

Torsten Witte¹

¹Klinik für Rheumatologie und Immunologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland. witte.torsten@mh-hannover.de.

Zeitschrift Fur Rheumatologie

|October 14, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Rheumatologists pioneered autoantibody diagnostics for chronic inflammatory diseases. New technologies accelerate the discovery of novel autoantibodies, promising improved diagnostic markers soon.

Keywords:

Antinuclear antibodies Autoantibodies Phage immunoprecipitation sequencing Protein arrays Rheumatoid factors

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Rheumatology
Medical Diagnostics

Background:

Autoantibodies are crucial for diagnosing chronic inflammatory diseases.
Key autoantibodies like rheumatoid factors and antinuclear antibodies were discovered decades ago.
Despite advancements, there's a continued need for novel diagnostic markers.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the historical significance of rheumatologists in autoantibody discovery.
To discuss the impact of new technologies on identifying novel autoantibodies.
To project the future availability of advanced diagnostic autoantibodies.

Main Methods:

Review of historical autoantibody discoveries in rheumatology.
Description of emerging technologies for novel autoantibody identification.
Analysis of the potential for new diagnostic markers.

Main Results:

Rheumatoid factors discovered in 1940.
Antinuclear antibodies and targets identified in the 1950s-1960s.
Current limitations in diagnostic markers for chronic inflammatory diseases.

Conclusions:

Novel autoantibodies can be readily discovered with modern technologies.
The development of new diagnostic autoantibodies is anticipated in the near future.
Advancements promise enhanced diagnostic capabilities for inflammatory conditions.