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Related Concept Videos

Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble01:13

Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble

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The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
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Pressure of Fluids01:14

Pressure of Fluids

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There are many examples of pressure in fluids in everyday life, such as in relation to blood (high or low blood pressure) and in relation to weather (high- and low-pressure weather systems). A given force can have a significantly different effect, depending on the area over which the force is exerted. For instance, a force applied to an area of 1 mm2 has a pressure that is 100 times greater than the same force applied to an area of 1 cm2. That's why a sharp needle is able to poke through...
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Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Plane Surface01:04

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Plane Surface

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When a plane surface is submerged in a fluid, hydrostatic forces develop on the surface due to the fluid's pressure. For horizontal surfaces, the pressure exerted by the fluid is uniform because the depth remains constant. The resultant force is determined by the pressure at the given depth multiplied by the area of the surface, and it acts through the centroid of the surface. For vertical surfaces, the pressure varies with depth, increasing as the distance from the fluid's free surface...
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Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface01:04

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface

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Hydrostatic pressure on curved surfaces is a fundamental concept in fluid mechanics with broad applications in the civil engineering field. When fluid is in contact with a curved surface, as in a reservoir, dam, or storage tank, it exerts pressure that varies in magnitude and direction along the curved surface. To assess the total hydrostatic force exerted by the fluid on a curved structure, engineers typically isolate the fluid volume adjacent to the surface and analyze the forces acting on...
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Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width01:02

Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width

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When a flat plate is submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts pressure on the plate. This pressure can lead to many different phenomena, including drag and buoyancy. To understand the behavior of the fluid over a flat plate of variable width, it is essential to analyze the distribution of the pressure exerted.
The pressure distribution on the plate can be calculated by determining the force that acts on a differential area strip of the plate. Thus, the magnitude of the force is equal to the...
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Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest01:11

Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest

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In a fluid at rest, the pressure at any point beneath the fluid surface depends solely on the depth, not on the container's shape or size. This principle, known as hydrostatic pressure, arises because, in stationary fluids, there is no acceleration, meaning the forces within the fluid balance out. Only vertical forces, caused by the weight of the fluid above, contribute to pressure changes with depth.
When measuring pressure at two different levels within the fluid, the difference in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Visualization of High Speed Liquid Jet Impaction on a Moving Surface
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Published on: April 17, 2015

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Laplace Pressure Driven Single-Droplet Jumping on Structured Surfaces.

Xiao Yan1, Yimeng Qin1, Feipeng Chen1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.

ACS Nano
|October 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel grooved surface for rapid, efficient droplet shedding. This passive method achieves significantly higher droplet jumping velocities than conventional techniques, enabling new applications in condensation management and beyond.

Keywords:
condensationgroovemicro/nanostructuredpinningsingle-droplet jumpingsuperhydrophobic

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Visualization of High Speed Liquid Jet Impaction on a Moving Surface
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Published on: April 17, 2015

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High Throughput Analysis of Liquid Droplet Impacts
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High Speed Droplet-based Delivery System for Passive Pumping in Microfluidic Devices
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High Speed Droplet-based Delivery System for Passive Pumping in Microfluidic Devices

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Area of Science:

  • Surface science and fluid dynamics
  • Materials science for micro/nanotechnology

Background:

  • Droplet transport and shedding are crucial for natural phenomena and technological applications like self-cleaning, anti-icing, and water harvesting.
  • Existing methods for spontaneous droplet shedding often exhibit limited droplet transport velocities and energy conversion efficiencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel surface design utilizing rationally designed grooves for enhanced droplet jumping and shedding.
  • To achieve significantly higher dimensionless jumping velocities (v*) compared to conventional passive methods.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of surfaces with precisely engineered grooves to spatially confine and guide droplet growth and relaxation.
  • Experimental and theoretical analysis of groove geometry, local pinning effects, and Laplace pressure differences influencing droplet dynamics.
  • Demonstration of the mechanism for rapid removal of droplets during steam condensation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved single-droplet jumping with dimensionless jumping velocities (v*) approaching 0.95 for micrometer and millimeter droplets.
  • Demonstrated flexible control over droplet-jumping velocity, direction, and size through groove design and pinning manipulation.
  • Successfully utilized the grooved surface for efficient steam condensation droplet removal.

Conclusions:

  • The developed grooved surface design offers a passive, highly efficient method for droplet transport and shedding across various scales.
  • This approach overcomes limitations of conventional methods, enabling faster, directional, and surface-pinning-tolerant droplet management.
  • The findings provide guidelines for designing advanced surfaces for applications requiring rapid liquid transport and removal.