Analysis of Instagram^® Posts Referring to Cleft Lip

Background: Social media has become a source of medical information. Cleft lip and palate is a visible congenital anomaly. The aim of the study was to analyze Instagram^® posts on the topic of cleft lip. Methods: Instagram^® posts with "#cleftlip" from March 2014-March 2017 were accessed. Separate lists of expressions (hashtags, meaningful words, words with emojis or emojis alone) were prepared for primary posts and for replies. Thirty expressions statistically most frequent in primary versus secondary posts and 30 in secondary versus primary posts were identified (Group 1) as well as 30 English words or hashtags (Group 2), non-English words or hashtags (Group 3) and emojis (Group 4). The frequencies of expressions were compared (Z-test for the difference of two population proportions). Results: There were 34,129 posts, (5427 primary posts and 28,702 replies), containing 62,163 expressions, (35,004 in primary posts). The occurrence of all expressions was 454,162, (225,418 in primary posts and 228,744 in replies). Posts with positive expressions such as "beautiful", "love", "cute", "great", "awesome" occurred more often than these with negative ones. In replies all emojis were positive. Conclusions: Numerous Instagram^® posts referring to cleft lip are published and do provoke discussion. People express their solidarity and sympathize with persons affected by cleft.