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Esculin hydrolysis by Enterobacteriaceae.

S C Edberg, S Pittman, J M Singer

    Journal of Clinical Microbiology
    |August 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Esculin hydrolysis in Enterobacteriaceae is often inducible, not constitutive. This enzymatic activity, when tested using growth-supporting media, aids in differentiating bacterial genera within this family.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Bacterial Taxonomy
    • Enzymology

    Background:

    • Conflicting literature exists regarding esculin hydrolysis within the Enterobacteriaceae family.
    • Understanding esculin hydrolysis is crucial for bacterial identification and differentiation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate esculin hydrolysis in 2,490 Enterobacteriaceae strains.
    • To compare the efficacy of different testing methods for detecting esculin hydrolysis.
    • To determine if esculin hydrolysis is a constitutive or inducible enzyme activity in Escherichia coli.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized two primary methods: the esculin spot test and the PathoTec incubation strip (measuring constitutive enzymes).
    • Employed five growth-supporting media (Vaughn-Levine, Vaughn-Levine without iron, Vaughn-Levine without Andrade's indicator, and bile-esculin medium) to detect both constitutive and inducible enzymes.

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  • Incubated media at 35°C for up to 120 hours, with observations every 24 hours.

    • Main Results:

    • No strains tested positive on non-growth-based tests.
    • Escherichia coli demonstrated inducible esculin hydrolysis, with positive results increasing over time (0.3% at 24h, 34% at 48h, 61% at 120h).
    • Rapid esculin hydrolyzers (positive on constitutive tests and within 24h) were identified within Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus rettgeri, and Citrobacter diversus.

    Conclusions:

    • The esculin hydrolysis test, when performed with standardized inoculum and incubation, is a valuable tool for differentiating within the Enterobacteriaceae family.
    • Esculin hydrolysis in Escherichia coli is primarily an inducible enzymatic process.
    • Growth-supporting media are superior to non-growth methods for detecting the full spectrum of esculin hydrolysis activity.