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High sensitive label-free optical sensor based on Goos-Hänchen effect by the single chirped laser pulse.

Elnaz Rezaei Benam1, Mostafa Sahrai2, Jafar Poursamad Bonab1

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This study explores a novel sensor utilizing molecular systems and laser pulses to detect biological molecules. The sensor shows high sensitivity to small concentration changes, making it effective for low-density samples.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Molecular spectroscopy
  • Nanoscale sensing

Background:

  • Four-level molecular systems are crucial for understanding light-matter interactions.
  • Goos-Hänchen (GH) shifts are sensitive optical phenomena used in sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shifts in a four-level molecular system within a cavity.
  • To analyze the sensor's performance for detecting biological molecules based on refractive index changes.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling a four-level molecular system with two ground and two excited vibrational states in a constant cavity.
  • Analyzing reflected and transmitted GH shifts for single-chirped laser pulses (positive and negative).
  • Investigating the influence of laser field detuning, intensity, and chirp rate on GH shifts.

Main Results:

  • The sensor's sensitivity to the intracavity medium's refractive index is demonstrated.
  • Coherent control of the refractive index by medium parameters is achieved.
  • The sensor exhibits high sensitivity to low concentrations of biological molecules.

Conclusions:

  • A four-level molecular system in a cavity can function as a sensitive biosensor.
  • The sensor's effectiveness is particularly pronounced for detecting low concentrations of biological samples.
  • Variations in sample concentration significantly impact GH shifts, enabling precise detection.