Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

6.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
6.7K
Convergent Evolution01:54

Convergent Evolution

30.9K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
30.9K
Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

7.6K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
7.6K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

7.8K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
7.8K
Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

435
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
435
Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

18.3K
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
18.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Disrupted Copper Homeostasis and Impaired Retinal Development Caused by <i>slc6a4a</i> Deficiency in Zebrafish.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI·2026
Same author

Climate-driven niche filtering limits post-dispersal establishment and genomic introgression in a riverine shrub.

Journal of integrative plant biology·2026
Same author

Detecting introgression from phylogenetic invariant site patterns using machine learning.

Applications in plant sciences·2026
Same author

Tracing the Holocene hybrid origin of cultivated walnut in southwestern China.

Forestry research·2026
Same author

Resequencing of 284 genomes reveals evolutionary history and hotspot of genetic diversity of the giant bamboos.

Plant diversity·2026
Same author

The transcriptome landscape of floral development for the early-diverging grass Pharus and insights into spikelet evolution.

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancing Gene Editing in Bamboo Leaves for Sustainable Plastic Alternatives
06:57

Author Spotlight: Advancing Gene Editing in Bamboo Leaves for Sustainable Plastic Alternatives

Published on: August 18, 2023

2.0K

Parallel ddRAD and Genome Skimming Analyses Reveal a Radiative and Reticulate Evolutionary History of the Temperate

Cen Guo1,2, Peng-Fei Ma1, Guo-Qian Yang1

  • 1Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China.

Systematic Biology
|October 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study resolves the evolutionary history of temperate bamboos (Arundinarieae) using nuclear DNA markers, revealing rapid diversification linked to climate change and distinct rhizome types. The findings offer a robust phylogeny for this challenging plant group.

More Related Videos

A PCR-based Genotyping Method to Distinguish Between Wild-type and Ornamental Varieties of Imperata cylindrica
12:01

A PCR-based Genotyping Method to Distinguish Between Wild-type and Ornamental Varieties of Imperata cylindrica

Published on: February 20, 2012

32.0K
Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens
13:03

Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens

Published on: March 8, 2018

10.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancing Gene Editing in Bamboo Leaves for Sustainable Plastic Alternatives
06:57

Author Spotlight: Advancing Gene Editing in Bamboo Leaves for Sustainable Plastic Alternatives

Published on: August 18, 2023

2.0K
A PCR-based Genotyping Method to Distinguish Between Wild-type and Ornamental Varieties of Imperata cylindrica
12:01

A PCR-based Genotyping Method to Distinguish Between Wild-type and Ornamental Varieties of Imperata cylindrica

Published on: February 20, 2012

32.0K
Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens
13:03

Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens

Published on: March 8, 2018

10.9K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Phylogenetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Rapid evolutionary radiations present significant phylogenetic challenges due to data incongruence.
  • The temperate bamboo tribe Arundinarieae, a paleopolyploid lineage, has a poorly resolved evolutionary history.
  • Previous studies on Arundinarieae have yielded conflicting phylogenetic relationships and low statistical support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and assess a robust phylogenetic framework for the tribe Arundinarieae using nuclear DNA markers.
  • To investigate the evolutionary history and diversification patterns of temperate bamboos.
  • To evaluate the utility of ddRAD sequencing for resolving phylogenies of rapidly radiated, paleopolyploid plant lineages.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized double digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq) to obtain nuclear markers for 213 Arundinarieae taxa.
  • Employed genome skimming to acquire chloroplast genomes for 147 taxa.
  • Optimized ddRAD-seq data assembly and orthology identification workflows for paleopolyploid and rapidly radiating lineages.

Main Results:

  • Reference-based ddRAD data assembly yielded a strongly supported phylogeny generally congruent with morphological taxonomy.
  • Recovered five major lineages within Arundinarieae, including distinct pachymorph and leptomorph rhizome clades.
  • Phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast genomes produced significantly different results compared to the nuclear data.
  • A time-calibrated nuclear phylogeny indicated rapid diversification of Arundinarieae around the mid-Miocene.

Conclusions:

  • Nuclear ddRAD-seq data provide a more reliable species tree estimation for Arundinarieae than chloroplast data.
  • The radiation of Arundinarieae is associated with mid-Miocene climate shifts and the evolution of key traits like leptomorph rhizomes.
  • This study offers a highly resolved phylogeny for temperate bamboos, illuminating their complex evolutionary history and providing a model for studying recalcitrant radiations.