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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

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Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
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Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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In Vitro Fertilization01:24

In Vitro Fertilization

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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
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Fertilization01:38

Fertilization

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During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
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Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Oogenesis01:22

Oogenesis

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Oogenesis,  the process of developing egg cells (female gametes), occurs within the ovaries and is fundamental to female fertility. This sequence begins during fetal development when diploid oogonia in the developing ovaries undergo mitotic divisions to produce primary oocytes. By birth, these primary oocytes enter prophase I of meiosis but become arrested in this stage, remaining suspended until puberty.
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Methods for Studying Uterine Contributions to Pregnancy Establishment in an Ovariectomized Mouse Model
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How and Why to Define Unexplained Infertility?

Karim S Abdallah1,2, Sarah Hunt2,3,4, Sayed A Abdullah1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Health Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.

Seminars in Reproductive Medicine
|October 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Unexplained infertility, diagnosed when no cause is found, often indicates a need for better diagnostic methods. This review suggests focusing on individual prognosis for targeted treatment rather than the "unexplained" diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Infertility Research
  • Clinical Diagnosis

Background:

  • Unexplained infertility accounts for up to 30% of infertility cases.
  • It is a diagnosis of exclusion, lacking specific identifiable causes like anovulation or tubal blockage.
  • Current assessments may fail to identify the true cause of infertility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence and limitations of current infertility assessments.
  • To emphasize the importance of individual couple prognosis in infertility evaluation.
  • To propose a treatment approach based on prognosis rather than diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current infertility assessment protocols.
  • Analysis of diagnostic limitations in identifying infertility causes.
  • Exploration of prognostic factors in infertility management.

Main Results:

  • Routine infertility assessments have limitations in identifying specific causes.
  • Prognosis-based treatment may offer a more targeted approach than diagnosis-based treatment.
  • Improved understanding of infertility mechanisms can reduce "unexplained" diagnoses.

Conclusions:

  • A shift towards prognosis-driven treatment strategies is recommended for unexplained infertility.
  • Enhanced diagnostic approaches are needed to reduce the prevalence of unexplained infertility.
  • Further research into infertility mechanisms is crucial for improving patient outcomes.