Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

9.6K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
9.6K
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

6.5K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.5K
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

25.5K
One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
25.5K
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

4.7K
4.7K
Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

Long-patch Base Excision Repair

7.6K
Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
7.6K
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

61.0K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
61.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Guide RNA reprogramming facilitates minimized tracrRNA-dependent off-target and versatile CRISPR/Cas9 engineering.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Optimization of IS621 recombinase/bridge RNA-directed recombination for precise insertion of large DNA fragments in human cells.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Uncovering functional variants using a high-efficiency PE3-based screening platform.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Zwitterionic engineering of chitosan enables highly soluble, antibacterial films for sustainable fruit preservation.

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)·2026
Same author

PIWIL1 activates the R2TP-TELO2-mTORC1 axis independently of piRNA to promote TOP mRNA translation in gastric cancer.

Oncogene·2026
Same author

Mitophagy promotes lung repair and regeneration by restoring epithelial metabolic fitness.

Nature communications·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 5, 2025

A Nonsequencing Approach for the Rapid Detection of RNA Editing
08:50

A Nonsequencing Approach for the Rapid Detection of RNA Editing

Published on: April 21, 2022

2.8K

REPAIRx, a specific yet highly efficient programmable A > I RNA base editor.

Yajing Liu1,2,3, Shaoshuai Mao1,2,4, Shisheng Huang1,2

  • 1School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.

The EMBO Journal
|October 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed REPAIRx, a precise and efficient programmable RNA editor. This new tool overcomes limitations of previous editors, expanding options for genetic research and medicine.

Keywords:
RNACasRxbase editingprogrammable

More Related Videos

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation
09:26

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

Published on: December 29, 2021

4.6K
RNA Next-Generation Sequencing and a Bioinformatics Pipeline to Identify Expressed LINE-1s at the Locus-Specific Level
11:04

RNA Next-Generation Sequencing and a Bioinformatics Pipeline to Identify Expressed LINE-1s at the Locus-Specific Level

Published on: May 19, 2019

10.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 5, 2025

A Nonsequencing Approach for the Rapid Detection of RNA Editing
08:50

A Nonsequencing Approach for the Rapid Detection of RNA Editing

Published on: April 21, 2022

2.8K
DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation
09:26

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

Published on: December 29, 2021

4.6K
RNA Next-Generation Sequencing and a Bioinformatics Pipeline to Identify Expressed LINE-1s at the Locus-Specific Level
11:04

RNA Next-Generation Sequencing and a Bioinformatics Pipeline to Identify Expressed LINE-1s at the Locus-Specific Level

Published on: May 19, 2019

10.3K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetic Engineering

Background:

  • Programmable RNA editing is crucial for research and medicine.
  • Existing tools like REPAIR (ADAR2 deaminase fused to dCas13b) face a trade-off between editing efficiency and precision, causing off-target effects.
  • Attempts to improve precision by weakening the deaminase domain reduce on-target efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a genetically encoded RNA editor that is both highly precise and efficient.
  • To overcome the precision-efficiency trade-off seen in current RNA base editors.
  • To create a novel RNA editing system that outperforms existing technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an alternative Cas protein, CasRx.
  • Engineered the editor by inserting the deaminase domain into the middle of CasRx.
  • Redirected the editor's localization to the nucleus.
  • Tested the new editor, REPAIRx, on both mRNA and nuclear RNA targets.

Main Results:

  • The novel REPAIRx editor demonstrates high precision and efficiency.
  • REPAIRx significantly outperforms previous RNA editing systems.
  • The editor functions effectively on both mRNA and nuclear RNA targets.
  • Successful nuclear localization of the editor was achieved.

Conclusions:

  • REPAIRx represents a significant advancement in programmable RNA editing technology.
  • The findings overcome the precision-efficiency dilemma in RNA base editor design.
  • This work expands the RNA editing toolkit and offers a novel strategy for editor optimization.