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Chemical exposure-induced systemic fibrosing disorders: Novel insights into systemic sclerosis etiology and

Sonsoles Piera-Velazquez1, Peter J Wermuth1, Juan J Gomez-Reino2

  • 1Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Scleroderma Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.

Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
|October 15, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Chemically-induced systemic fibrotic disorders like Toxic Oil Syndrome (TOS) share features with Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). Studying these outbreaks may reveal SSc

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Chemicals can cause localized or systemic fibrotic responses.
  • Chemically-induced systemic fibrotic disorders include Toxic Oil Syndrome (TOS), Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome (EMS), and Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF).
  • These disorders share features with Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), an idiopathic systemic fibrotic disease, such as vasculopathy and tissue fibrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review chemically-induced systemic fibrotic disorders.
  • To explore their relationship with Systemic Sclerosis (SSc).
  • To support the hypothesis that SSc may be caused by an environmental agent.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemic outbreaks of chemically-induced systemic fibrosing disorders (TOS, EMS, NSF).
  • Comparative analysis of clinical and pathological features of these disorders and SSc.
  • Examination of molecular alterations and pathogenetic mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Chemically-induced fibrotic disorders exhibit similarities to SSc, including vasculopathy, inflammation, and fibrosis.
  • These outbreaks provide evidence supporting an environmental trigger for SSc.
  • The internalization of a toxic or biological agent by endothelial cells may initiate SSc pathogenesis in susceptible individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Chemically-induced systemic fibrotic disorders offer insights into the etiology of SSc.
  • Environmental agents may play a significant role in the development of SSc.
  • Understanding these chemically-induced conditions can advance SSc research and treatment strategies.

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