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[Infection and TAVI].

C Servoz1, J Wintzer-Wehekind1, J Monségu1

  • 1Institut cardiovasculaire, Groupe Hospitalier Mutualiste, 8, rue Dr Calmette, 38000 Grenoble, France.

Annales De Cardiologie Et D'Angeiologie
|October 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Trans-catheter valve implantation (TAVI) can lead to infective endocarditis (IE), a severe complication. This review details TAVI-IE incidence, diagnosis, and treatment, highlighting key differences from surgical valve replacement endocarditis.

Keywords:
Aortic stenosisEndocardite infectieuseImplantation transcathéter de valve aortiqueInfective endocarditisSténose aortiqueTrans-catheter aortic valve implantation

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare but serious complication following trans-catheter valve implantation (TAVI).
  • TAVI-IE shares similarities and differences with surgical aortic valve replacement infective endocarditis (SAVR-IE), impacting patient morbidity and mortality.
  • Enterococcus is a common pathogen in TAVI-IE, often occurring within the first year post-procedure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the incidence, symptoms, microbiological profile, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of TAVI-IE.
  • To describe the management and treatment strategies for IE in the context of TAVI.
  • To highlight diagnostic approaches for TAVI-IE.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published observational multicenter registries and clinical cases.
  • Analysis of incidence, symptoms, microbiology, risk factors, and outcomes.
  • Description of diagnostic modalities and treatment approaches.

Main Results:

  • Most TAVI-IE cases occur within the first year after implantation.
  • Enterococcus is the most frequent causative pathogen.
  • Multimodality imaging (echocardiography, CT, PET-CT) and blood cultures are crucial for diagnosis.
  • Antibiotic therapy is the primary treatment for most TAVI-IE patients.

Conclusions:

  • TAVI-IE is an emerging concern with increasing frequency due to expanded TAVI indications.
  • Understanding TAVI-IE characteristics is vital for timely diagnosis and effective management.
  • Further research and standardized registries are needed to refine treatment strategies.