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Non-aqueous Electrode Processing and Construction of Lithium-ion Coin Cells
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Design principles for self-forming interfaces enabling stable lithium-metal anodes.

Yingying Zhu1, Vikram Pande2, Linsen Li3,4

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|October 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Developing high-energy lithium-ion batteries requires stable lithium metal anodes. This study identifies key factors for solid-electrolyte interphases (SEIs) that improve lithium deposition and extend battery cycle life.

Keywords:
batterieselectrolyteslithium metal anodesolid-electrolyte interface

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Thin lithium metal anodes are crucial for next-generation high-energy density lithium-ion batteries.
  • Current limitations include dendrite formation and low coulombic efficiency (CE) during cycling.
  • The solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) significantly influences lithium electrodeposition and stripping.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish design rules for optimal solid-electrolyte interphases (SEIs) for lithium metal anodes.
  • To understand the relationship between SEI composition, lithium deposition morphology, and coulombic efficiency (CE).

Main Methods:

  • Integrated experimental and computational modeling studies.
  • Investigation of structurally similar SEI-modifying model compounds.
  • Analysis of SEI composition, Li deposition morphology, and CE.

Main Results:

  • Identified two key descriptors for high-performance SEIs: fraction of ionic compounds and compactness.
  • Demonstrated significantly improved SEI performance.
  • Achieved long cycle life (350 cycles at 80% capacity retention) in a high specific-energy Li||LiCoO2 full cell.

Conclusions:

  • Rational design of SEIs is critical for improving lithium metal anode performance.
  • The identified descriptors provide guidance for developing stable and efficient SEIs.
  • This work advances the development of practical, high-energy density lithium-ion batteries.