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This study introduces drone-based hyperspectral sensors for rapid, non-invasive rare earth element (REE) exploration. This innovative method offers quick results and low detection limits, supporting sustainable development goals.

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Area of Science:

  • Geoscience
  • Remote Sensing
  • Exploration Geophysics

Background:

  • Secure rare earth element (REE) supply is critical for the energy transition, e-mobility, and UN Sustainable Development Goals.
  • Conventional exploration methods face limitations due to accessibility, cost, climate, and public opposition.
  • Innovative, non-invasive techniques are needed to overcome these challenges in REE exploration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the direct mapping of rare earth elements (REEs) using lightweight hyperspectral unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
  • To present a rapid and non-invasive exploration technique for REEs.
  • To validate the effectiveness of hyperspectral UAVs in diverse geological settings.

Main Methods:

  • Deployment of drones equipped with hyperspectral sensors for surface-based REE detection.
  • Utilizing lightweight UAV platforms for rapid, non-invasive geological surveys.
  • Field validation in Marinkas Quellen, Namibia, and Siilinjärvi, Finland.

Main Results:

  • Successful direct mapping of REEs at the Earth's surface using hyperspectral UAVs.
  • Achieved quick turn-around times (less than 1 day) for exploration data.
  • Demonstrated low detection limits, with values below 200 ppm for Neodymium (Nd).

Conclusions:

  • Hyperspectral UAV technology provides an efficient and rapid solution for REE exploration.
  • This method is suitable for socially sensitive areas and challenging terrains.
  • The strategy is expected to boost the use of drones in exploration and mining monitoring.