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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

218
Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
218
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

174
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
174
Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:28

Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

214
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a condition where the mitral valve does not close properly, leading to the backward flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole. This condition can arise from various causes, including rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, or degenerative valve disease. Effective nursing management is crucial to optimizing patient outcomes and involves comprehensive assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed...
214
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

157
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
157
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

200
IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
200
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

117
Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
117

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 5, 2025

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
11:50

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

Published on: July 9, 2010

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Functional mitral regurgitation.

Om Prakash Yadava1, Jose Luis Pomar2,3

  • 1National Heart Institute, New Delhi, India.

Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
|October 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) is not solely a ventricular issue, as mitral valve leaflets show abnormalities. The alignment of the subvalvular apparatus is more critical than annular dilatation, favoring early repair.

Keywords:
Repair versus replacementSecondary mitral regurgitationTiming of surgery

More Related Videos

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
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An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat

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A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
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A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 5, 2025

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
11:50

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

Published on: July 9, 2010

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An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
07:42

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat

Published on: May 19, 2020

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A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Valvular Heart Disease

Background:

  • Secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) is often viewed as a consequence of ventricular dysfunction.
  • However, the mitral valve apparatus itself may harbor intrinsic abnormalities contributing to MR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the pathophysiology of secondary mitral regurgitation.
  • To highlight the key determinants of mitral valve competence in this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Expert discussion and review of existing literature on secondary mitral regurgitation.
  • Analysis of the roles of ventricular dilatation, annular size, and subvalvular apparatus alignment.

Main Results:

  • Mitral valve leaflets are not entirely normal in secondary MR.
  • The alignment of the subvalvular apparatus is a more dominant factor than annular dilatation.
  • Early surgical repair is indicated.

Conclusions:

  • Secondary MR involves complex interactions between ventricular and valvular components.
  • Restoration of subvalvular apparatus geometry is crucial for successful repair.
  • Timely intervention is recommended for optimal outcomes.