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Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...

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A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease

Published on: April 28, 2019

Human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis.

Nitin Sinha¹, Sahil Sareen¹, Ashwini Kumar Malhotra¹

¹Department of Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS

|October 16, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A young man with fever and confusion was diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Prompt antiretroviral therapy led to significant recovery from HIV-associated encephalitis within three months.

Keywords:

Human immunodeficiency virus and encephalitis human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis low CD4

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Infectious Diseases
Immunology

Background:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can manifest with neurological complications.
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing HIV and its associated conditions.

Observation:

A young, healthy male presented with pyrexia (fever) and altered sensorium (confusion).
Initial evaluation revealed advanced HIV infection with a low CD4 count.
Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated encephalitis, despite the absence of opportunistic infections.

Findings:

The patient was diagnosed with HIV infection and encephalitis.
Despite the severity of neurological symptoms and low CD4 count, no other AIDS-defining illnesses were present.
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) was initiated for the HIV infection.

Implications:

This case highlights the potential for HIV-associated encephalitis even without other opportunistic infections.
Rapid initiation of ART can lead to remarkable clinical recovery in patients with HIV-related neurological conditions.
Emphasizes the importance of considering HIV in young individuals presenting with unexplained neurological symptoms.