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Infection (urease) stones.

D P Griffith, C A Osborne

    Mineral and Electrolyte Metabolism
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Infection-induced urinary stones form due to urease-catalyzed urealysis. Effective treatment requires eliminating stones and eradicating all urinary and parenchymal infections.

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    Area of Science:

    • Urology
    • Microbiology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Infection-induced stones are primarily caused by urease-producing bacteria.
    • Urease catalyzes the breakdown of urea, leading to urine supersaturation and stone formation.
    • These stones, often struvite and carbonate-apatite, can form primarily or secondarily.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the mechanisms of infection-induced urinary stone formation.
    • To outline the factors contributing to the rapid growth of struvite stones.
    • To discuss curative treatment strategies for these stones.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of the biochemical processes involved in urease activity.
    • Analysis of the factors promoting struvite stone formation.

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  • Examination of treatment modalities for infection-induced stones.

    • Main Results:

    • Urease activity leads to urine supersaturation with stone-forming salts.
    • Ammonia generated by urease damages the protective urothelial glycosaminoglycan layer.
    • Immature organic matrix stones mature into densely mineralized structures.

    Conclusions:

    • Complete stone elimination and eradication of all infections are essential for curative treatment.
    • Treatment approaches must be individualized based on patient factors.
    • Operative and pharmaceutical interventions are available for management.