Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Author Spotlight: Deciphering Coagulation Disorders in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients
04:56

Author Spotlight: Deciphering Coagulation Disorders in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients

Published on: August 4, 2023

1.1K

Coagulopathy, endothelial dysfunction, thrombotic microangiopathy and complement activation: potential role of

Xin Wang1, Kamal Kant Sahu2, Jan Cerny3

  • 1Department of Medicine, UMass Memorial Health Care, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis
|October 16, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) involves endothelial damage and complement activation, leading to blood clotting. This review explores the interplay between the complement system, coagulation, and endothelium in COVID-19 pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • * Hematology
  • * Immunology
  • * Virology

Background:

  • * Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a novel infectious disease with evolving understanding of its pathogenesis.
  • * Beyond primary lung injury, moderate to severe COVID-19 cases exhibit endothelial damage and complement system activation.
  • * This points towards a pro-coagulable state, suggesting a significant role for vascular and immune systems in disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review existing literature on the involvement of the complement system and coagulation cascade in COVID-19.
  • * To explore the interaction between these systems and the endothelium in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • * To discuss the potential of COVID-19 as a novel hematological syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • * Comprehensive literature review of scientific articles and case studies.
  • * Analysis of research focusing on the pathophysiology of COVID-19.
  • * Synthesis of data regarding complement activation, coagulation, and endothelial dysfunction in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Results:

  • * Evidence suggests a significant interplay between the endothelium, complement activation, and immune response in COVID-19 pathogenesis.
  • * Endothelial damage and complement activation contribute to a pro-coagulable state observed in many COVID-19 patients.
  • * These findings highlight the critical role of the hematological system in the manifestation of severe COVID-19.

Conclusions:

  • * The interaction between the complement system, coagulation cascade, and endothelium is a key factor in COVID-19 pathogenesis.
  • * COVID-19 may present as a novel hematological syndrome due to its impact on these systems.
  • * Further research is warranted to fully elucidate these complex interactions and develop targeted therapies.

Keywords:
COVID-19CoronavirusImmunityPandemic

More Related Videos

In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time09:19

In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time

Published on: May 24, 2020

9.5K
Assessment of the Anticoagulant and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Endothelial Cells Using 3D Cell Culture and Non-anticoagulated Whole Blood07:08

Assessment of the Anticoagulant and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Endothelial Cells Using 3D Cell Culture and Non-anticoagulated Whole Blood

Published on: September 5, 2017

8.7K

Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
7.6K
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
1.3K
Antimicrobial Proteins01:23

Antimicrobial Proteins

Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
12.6K
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis01:20

Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis

Blood clotting or coagulation involves extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which ultimately merge into the common pathway, forming a fibrin clot.
The Extrinsic Pathway
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is typically initiated by tissue damage that exposes blood to tissue factor (TF), a protein released by the damaged tissue cells outside the blood vessels—this interaction with TF triggers biochemical reactions involving specific clotting factors. The key player here is Factor VII, which...
11.1K
Coagulation01:09

Coagulation

The coagulation phase is a critical part of the body's process to prevent blood loss following injury to blood vessels. It involves chemical reactions that form a clot to seal the injured area. The clotting process begins shortly after injury, within 15-20 seconds for severe damage and 1-2 minutes for minor injuries.
During the coagulation phase, clotting factors, or procoagulants, play a vital role in initiating and progressing the coagulation cascade. This cascade is a series of reactions...
9.1K
Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
914