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Related Concept Videos

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
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Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy01:29

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An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
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Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
To diagnose Barrett's esophagus, healthcare providers often recommend an endoscopy for those showing symptoms of acid reflux. The procedure...
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Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

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Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
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Peptic Ulcer Disease IV: Management01:26

Peptic Ulcer Disease IV: Management

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Medical treatment strategies for peptic ulcers encompass various methods. The primary goal of treatment is to diminish gastric acidity and strengthen mucosal defense mechanisms.
The therapeutic approach involves ensuring adequate rest, implementing drug therapy, promoting smoking cessation, making dietary modifications, and emphasizing long-term follow-up care.
Pharmacological management
The prevailing therapy for peptic ulcers involves a combination of managing the patient's current...
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Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

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Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Endoscopic Vacuum Therapy for the Treatment of Anastomotic Leakage after Total Gastrectomy with Esophagojejunostomy
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Published on: August 22, 2025

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Endoscopic treatments for GERD.

Bradley S Kushner1, Michael M Awad1, Dean J Mikami2

  • 1Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|October 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) treatment is evolving with new endoscopic therapies. These minimally invasive options offer potential solutions for GERD when traditional methods fall short.

Keywords:
GERDemerging technologyendoscopic therapyflexible endoscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) presents growing global health challenges.
  • Current medical and surgical GERD treatments have limitations, creating a need for novel approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging endoluminal therapies for GERD.
  • To detail the indications, benefits, and risks of these endoscopic treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on endoluminal GERD therapies.
  • Focus on injectable agents, electrical stimulation, antireflux mucosectomy, radiofrequency ablation, and endoscopic fundoplication.

Main Results:

  • Endoscopic treatments offer a minimally invasive alternative for GERD management.
  • A variety of techniques are available, including ablation, suturing, and injectables.

Conclusions:

  • Endoscopic therapies represent a promising frontier in the incisionless treatment of GERD.
  • Further research and clinical application of these methods are expected to improve GERD patient outcomes.