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Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

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The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
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Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

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The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
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Antimicrobial Proteins01:23

Antimicrobial Proteins

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Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
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Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
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Humoral Immune Responses01:36

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Overview
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Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System01:28

Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System

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The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in bolstering our immune system. It consists of a network of lymphoid organs, lymph, and lymphatic vessels that provide structural and functional support in safeguarding the body against pathogens such as viruses and bacteria.
The primary lymphoid organs, including the bone marrow and the thymus, serve as the maturation sites for lymphocytes. Secondary lymphoid organs, like the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, activate these lymphocytes and serve as...
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Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System01:22

Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System

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Immunity is a crucial biological concept about our body's inherent capacity to prevent infections and diseases. A complex network of cells and tissues collectively known as the immune system facilitates this natural defense mechanism. The immune system plays an integral role in maintaining our health and well-being, shielding us from potential health threats.
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Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Depletion of Specific Cell Populations by Complement Depletion
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Depletion of Specific Cell Populations by Complement Depletion

Published on: February 5, 2010

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Complement system network in cell physiology and in human diseases.

Roberta Romano1, Giuliana Giardino1, Emilia Cirillo1

  • 1Department of Translational Medical Sciences - Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.

International Reviews of Immunology
|October 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The complement system is crucial for innate immunity. Its dysfunction can cause infections or autoimmune diseases, necessitating better diagnosis and targeted therapies.

Keywords:
Neisseria meningitidisAngioedemacomplement systemcomplement system deficienciesparoxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pathophysiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The complement system is a critical component of innate immunity, defending against pathogens via three pathways.
  • Dysfunction, including deficiency or overactivation, leads to severe infections and autoimmune disorders, which can be inherited or acquired.
  • Despite available diagnostic tools, complement-related diseases are often underdiagnosed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of complement system pathophysiology.
  • To discuss the clinical implications of complement system dysfunction.
  • To summarize current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for complement-mediated diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on complement system function, dysfunction, and related diseases.
  • Analysis of traditional and innovative diagnostic techniques (e.g., hemolytic assays, ELISA, next-generation sequencing).
  • Examination of current therapeutic approaches, including targeted drug strategies.

Main Results:

  • Complement system impairment is linked to significant health issues, including severe infections and autoimmune conditions.
  • A gap exists between available diagnostic technologies and their clinical recognition of these diseases.
  • Targeted drug therapies are increasingly utilized for managing complement-related disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding complement pathophysiology is vital for recognizing and managing associated diseases.
  • Improved diagnostic approaches are needed to enhance the recognition of complement deficiencies and dysregulation.
  • Targeted therapies represent a significant advancement in treating complement-mediated conditions.