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Related Concept Videos

Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

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Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
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Band Theory02:35

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When two or more atoms come together to form a molecule, their atomic orbitals combine and molecular orbitals of distinct energies result. In a solid, there are a large number of atoms, and therefore a large number of atomic orbitals that may be combined into molecular orbitals. These groups of molecular orbitals are so closely placed together to form continuous regions of energies, known as the bands.
The energy difference between these bands is known as the band gap.
Conductor, Semiconductor,...
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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Periodic Classification of the Elements

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The periodic table arranges atoms based on increasing atomic number so that elements with the same chemical properties recur periodically. When their electron configurations are added to the table, a periodic recurrence of similar electron configurations in the outer shells of these elements is observed. Because they are in the outer shells of an atom, valence electrons play the most important role in chemical reactions. The outer electrons have the highest energy of the electrons in an atom...
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Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Semiconductors

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There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
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Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment
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Higher-Order Weyl Semimetals.

Hai-Xiao Wang1,2,3,4, Zhi-Kang Lin1, Bin Jiang1

  • 1School of Physical Science and Technology, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, 1 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, China.

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|October 16, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study theoretically discovers higher-order Weyl semimetals, bridging Weyl physics and higher-order topology. These novel phases exhibit unique surface and hinge states in chiral materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Phenomena

Background:

  • Higher-order topology introduces multidimensional topological phenomena.
  • Weyl semimetals possess unconventional properties like the chiral anomaly.
  • A gap exists between Weyl physics and higher-order topological concepts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically discover higher-order Weyl semimetals.
  • To establish a connection between Weyl physics and higher-order topology.
  • To identify materials and phases where this connection manifests.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling and analysis.
  • Investigation of chiral materials, specifically chiral tetragonal crystals.
  • Characterization of topological phases and their boundary states.

Main Results:

  • Theoretical discovery of higher-order Weyl semimetals.
  • Identification of these semimetals as an intermediate phase between conventional Weyl semimetals and 3D higher-order topological insulators.
  • Observation of concurrent chiral Fermi-arc surface states and topological hinge states.
  • Detection of momentum-dependent fractional hinge charge.

Conclusions:

  • Higher-order Weyl semimetals represent a novel class of topological phases.
  • This discovery bridges previously disconnected areas of topological physics.
  • The identified phenomena offer new avenues for exploring topological quantum matter.