Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Utilizing 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging and Quantitative Histology to Measure Dynamic Changes in the Glucose Metabolism in Mouse Models of Lung Cancer
06:51

Utilizing 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging and Quantitative Histology to Measure Dynamic Changes in the Glucose Metabolism in Mouse Models of Lung Cancer

Published on: July 21, 2018

18.3K

Targeting KRAS(G12C): From Inhibitory Mechanism to Modulation of Antitumor Effects in Patients

Dongsung Kim1, Jenny Yaohua Xue2, Piro Lito3

  • 1Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer, New York, NY, USA.

Cell
|October 16, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Targeting KRAS(G12C) mutations, common in lung cancer, shows promise. New inhibitors are advancing precision oncology and improving patient outcomes by targeting KRAS oncoproteins.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

  • KRAS mutations are prevalent in various cancers, including lung, colorectal, and pancreatic.
  • Directly inhibiting KRAS oncoproteins has been a significant challenge in cancer therapy for decades.
  • The discovery of RAS mutations nearly 40 years ago laid the groundwork for targeted approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in targeting KRAS mutations, particularly KRAS(G12C).
  • To discuss the impact of these advances on understanding KRAS oncoprotein biology.
  • To highlight progress in developing therapeutic strategies for patients with KRAS-mutated cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical studies on KRAS(G12C) inhibitors.
  • Analysis of emerging clinical data from patient trials.
  • Discussion of the fundamental biology of KRAS oncoproteins.

Main Results:

  • Development of specific inhibitors targeting the KRAS(G12C) mutation.
  • KRAS(G12C) mutations are found in approximately 13% of lung adenocarcinomas.
  • Emerging clinical data suggest potential therapeutic benefits for patients.

Conclusions:

  • Recent advances in medicinal chemistry have yielded effective KRAS(G12C) inhibitors.
  • These inhibitors are reshaping the understanding of KRAS oncoprotein biology.
  • Progress is being made toward improving clinical outcomes for patients with KRAS-mutated cancers.

More Related Videos

Development and Maintenance of a Preclinical Patient Derived Tumor Xenograft Model for the Investigation of Novel Anti-Cancer Therapies09:29

Development and Maintenance of a Preclinical Patient Derived Tumor Xenograft Model for the Investigation of Novel Anti-Cancer Therapies

Published on: September 30, 2016

14.2K
Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts10:27

Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts

Published on: July 25, 2020

7.6K

Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.3K
Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

Inhibition of Cdk Activity

The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
5.4K
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
5.7K
The Ras Gene02:38

The Ras Gene

The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...
6.8K
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
7.5K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
4.4K