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A comparison of childhood asthma case definitions based on parent-reported data
Ruth J Geller1, Janice A Espinola1, Ronaldo C Fabiano Filho1
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.
Annals of Epidemiology
|October 16, 2020
Summary
Parent reports of childhood asthma diagnoses align well with established risk factors. This study compared various asthma definitions using parent-reported data, finding specific definitions most accurately predicted asthma outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine
- Epidemiology
- Clinical Research Methodology
Background:
- Childhood asthma diagnosis relies on various criteria, impacting research accuracy.
- Parental reporting is a key data source in pediatric health studies.
- Standardizing asthma definitions is crucial for reliable research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare different research definitions of childhood asthma.
- To evaluate definitions based on parent-reported data.
- To assess the correlation between parent-reported asthma and known risk factors.
Main Methods:
- A prospective cohort study involving 921 infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis.
- Development of four asthma definitions using parent-reported data (broad, epidemiologic, strict, flexible).
- Evaluation of definitions against asthma risk factors and medical records.
Main Results:
- Asthma prevalence varied by definition: broad (34%), epidemiologic (27%), strict (27%), and flexible (44%).
- Definitions requiring clinician diagnosis showed stronger associations with risk factors.
- Epidemiologic and strict definitions demonstrated high specificity (96%) and positive predictive value (92%).
Conclusions:
- Parental reports of clinician-diagnosed asthma correlate strongly with established risk factors.
- Specific, criteria-based definitions offer greater accuracy in identifying childhood asthma.
- Validated parent-reported data can reliably support asthma research.
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