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Validity of retrospectively-reported depressive episodes.

Samantha L Birk1, Thomas M Olino1, Daniel N Klein2

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Retrospective reports of depressive episodes are valid, with individuals reporting higher depression and suicidal ideation during these periods. Symptoms during these retrospectively reported episodes reached clinical cut-offs, supporting recall accuracy.

Keywords:
DepressionSelf-reportValidity

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • Retrospective assessment of depression and psychopathology is common.
  • Limited research validates retrospective reports against prospective symptom data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the validity of retrospectively reported depressive episodes.
  • To compare prospectively assessed symptoms with retrospective reports.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a subset (n=68) from the Oregon Adolescent Depression Project.
  • Collected prospective mailer assessments of depression and suicidal ideation.
  • Included diagnostic assessments of retrospectively reported depressive episodes.

Main Results:

  • Individuals reported significantly higher depression and suicidal ideation during retrospectively reported episodes.
  • Average symptom levels during retrospectively reported episodes met clinical cut-offs.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support the validity of retrospective reports of depressive episodes.
  • Future research should explore generalizability across recall periods and other psychopathology.